The Gouldian Finch is also known by the names: Lady Gouldian Finch and Rainbow Finch. They are endemic to Australia. Quite a few Gouldian Finches are bred and kept in captivity. Australia currently has a conservation program in place because in 1992 Gouldian Finches were considered endangered in the wild.

There are quite a few mutations and suspected mutations of the Gouldian Finch. This is reflected in the variety of color combinations that are found.